17th Annual Guide to Innovative Payments

It’s May, and that means it’s time for our annual exercise to seek out and describe the payments players, apart from the big networks, that are rewriting the rules for the digital exchange of value.

Since 2004, Digital Transactions has traced the course of payments innovation through its nimblest practitioners—the startups, the fintechs, the smaller networks, the nonbank arrivistes—and their services and products, their strategies and tactics, their successes and pratfalls. In 2009, we distilled what we were learning about these innovators into a handy guide inside the May issue, and called it a “field guide” to what were then known, somewhat cheekily, as alternative payments.

Well, the guide worked out so well we decided to update it every May. And so you now hold in your hands the 17th edition. A few years ago, we dropped the “alternative payments” rubric and renamed our effort as a guide to innovative payments. We think the new adjective better fits our purpose in sorting out the varied new pathways the nonbanks, and yes, banks and major networks, are forging for the payments business.

The guide is as much about strategies and tactics as it is about emerging technology and new markets. We invite you to read this guide much as you have since 2009, with an eye to how it might inform your decisions, sharpen your competitive instincts, and bring to light, perhaps, some developments you had not encountered before—as well as spotlight some potential partners.

Digital Transactions generally defines an innovative payment system as any network or consumer interface (a mobile app, for example) that enables payments in a way that relies on or stands apart from a major network and/or stands between that network and the consumer in an important way. We emphasize consumer-facing payment systems, but of course many, if not most, of the systems profiled here market themselves to merchants to maximize acceptance of their products.

Information for the listings comes from news reports over the past year, company Web sites and spokespersons, and financial filings in a few cases. We mention pricing for the merchant and consumer when it is relevant and publicly available. The “Year Founded” line refers to the year the particular service was founded, not the parent company, except in those cases where the two coincide.

 

Accelerated Checkout

Field Notes: Friction, friction, friction. Just once, it’s annoying, but repeated, friction is a blockade and it’s a huge issue for online retailers and consumers, especially as mobile devices are preferred by many. To that end, it’s taken on new importance as PayPal launched its Fastlane checkout service that allows shoppers to complete a purchase in one click. E-commerce platforms Bold Commerce and Adyen added support for Fastlane as did processor Fiserv. Paze, the digital wallet and checkout service from Early Warning Services, was on track for 150 million enrolled cards towards the end of 2024, its stated objective at launch in 2023. Bank of America and U.S. Bank are among the most recent Paze backers to complete Paze enrollment, with retailer GNC onboard as an acceptor. Paze lists 29 merchants in its online directory. Card brands, too, are paying attention to checkout friction. “Complications don’t work for them,” Bill Dobbins, head of acquiring and enablement at Visa Inc., said at a 2024 conference. The explosive growth in digital wallets is evidence of that. “Whether it’s Google or Venmo, or most recently the bank-led introduction of Paze into the market, growth was explosive.”

A2A Payments

Field Notes: When it comes to what makes a payment option attractive to consumers and merchants, account-to-account payments have the key ingredients: real-time transfer of funds, convenience, and a lower cost of acceptance than credit cards. Given those characteristics, it’s not surprising that account-to-account (often abbreviated as A2A) payments are rapidly growing across the payment-industry landscape. A2A payment volume is expected to grow 19% annually to more than $200 billion in 2027, when it will represent about a 5% share of digital commerce in the United States, according to management-consulting firm McKinsey & Co. Visa took a big step in A2A payments in Europe when it announced a system called Visa A2A, starting in the United Kingdom, to enable consumers to pay bills directly from bank accounts. As part of its A2A service, Visa will offer a formal dispute-resolution process that provides U.K. consumers with a way to check transactions. In addition, the use of new authentication technologies, such as biometrics, could help reduce unauthorized transactions. A 2024 Fiserv Inc. survey found that 32% of respondents make use of account-to-account payments for transactions such as bill payments.

Apple Pay

Parent: Apple Inc.
Headquarters: Cupertino, Calif.
Founded: 2014
Web: apple.com/apple-pay

Field Notes: Apple Inc. marked the 10th anniversary of the introduction of Apple Pay in October and said the payments service is now supported by more than 11,000 banks and networks globally and has attracted “hundreds of millions” of users in 78 markets around the world. Apple Pay also was instrumental in the development of network tokenization. With a need to mask actual card numbers in the mobile wallet, Apple worked closely with the card brands on network tokenization. In 2024, Apple Pay ended its proprietary buy now, pay later service, having launched Apple Pay Later in 2023, in favor of third-party providers like Affirm Inc. and Klarna AB. Apple has self-funded Apple Pay Later through its Apple Financing LLC subsidiary. Apple also added Tap to Cash to the roster of payment options vias the Wallet app, which enables two iPhone users to send funds to one another when each phone is held next to the other. It also works with Apple Watches. Digital wallets, like Apple Pay, are forecasted to have 30% of the point-of-sale payment share by 2030, the Worldpay Global Payments Report 2025, predicts, up from 16% in 2024.

Blockchain

Founded: 2010

Field Notes: Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum may get a lot of attention, but the backbone of digital currencies—the blockchain, or distributed ledger—is garnering its share of notice. Two U.S. banks recently made the first tokenization via blockchain of U.S. dollar demand deposits held at a bank, with the resulting transfer and redemption of stablecoins for a customer. MoneyGram International Inc. also added support for cash-in transactions from local fiat currencies to USD in partnership with OwlTing Group, a blockchain-technology company. And processor Nuvei Corp. launched a blockchain-based payment service for merchants in Latin America. Blockchain may also benefit from a U.S. government initiative to foster more cryptocurrency transactions. A Florida-based car dealer recently added crypto acceptance via BitPay Inc. Mastercard Inc. says blockchain-technology firm Ondo Finance is among the latest to join the Mastercard Multi Token Network. The blockchain also garnered attention as notable entities such as PayPal Holdings Inc. added its stablecoin, PYUSD, for Xoom users, and processor Stripe Inc. re-enabled crypto acceptance for merchants, having stopped in 2018. Stripe merchants can accept the stablecoin USD Coin on the Ethereum, Solana and Polygon blockchains and Pax Dollar on Ethereum and Solana.

BNPL

Field Notes: Buy now, pay later services bloomed during the Covid-19 pandemic and now have become an entrenched payment option, but the installment payment option is not unchanging. In fact, it’s future may be full of changes if a survey from J.D. Power that shows Generations Y and Z, Millennials and those born between 1997 and 2013, favor BNPL more than other generations. Today, BNPL is forecasted to reach $111.2 billion in global volume by 2029. It’s a hotly competitive payments method. Affirm Holdings Inc. is notable because Walmart Inc. dropped it as its BNPL provider, replacing it with rival Klarna AB. While a sting, the loss was unlikely to significantly harm Affirm, an equities analyst said. Affirm has a win with Shopify Inc. expanding the installment payment option into Canada via the Ship Pay Installments program that is managed by Affirm. Sezzle Inc.’s consumer education program, MoneyIQ, has been successful with users completing an average of 11 modules. And funding of BNPL payments has been an issue with Zip Co. Ltd. halting enrollment of credit cards as funding source and JPMorgan Chase forbidding its credit cards to be used BNPL services. Apple Inc. also shuttered its Apple Pay Later service in 2024 in favor of third-party providers, having launched in 2023.

Cash App

Parent: Block Inc.
Headquarters: San Francisco
Founded: 2013
Web: cash.app

Field Notes: Cash App is a darling of parent Block Inc., and apparently, many users. Block says it was Cash App to be the “top provider of banking services in the United States that earn up to $150,000 per year.” To get there, Block is making Cash App, which launched in 2013 as a peer-to-peer payment app, a central part of its plans, along with loans and Afterpay, the BNPL provider it acquired in 2021, to convince consumers to use Block’s services. Block says as of December, Cash App had 57 million users in the United States generating an average of $1,255 of inflow revenue in the fourth quarter. In March, Block received Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. approval to make consumer loans through its Cash App Borrow feature. Block has positioned Cash App Borrow as an alternative to other short-term borrowing options for consumers, such as payday loans. As of Dec. 31, the average Cash App Borrow loan was less than $100 and was repaid in a month, Block says. It’s not all stellar for Cash App, though. The New York Department of Financial Services in April fined Block $40 million for what the agency labeled as “significant failures” of its Bank Secrecy Act/Anti-Money Laundering compliance program. Block did not admit to any wrongdoing, but said it was glad to put the matter behind it.

Clover

Parent: Fiserv Inc.
Headquarters: Milwaukee
Founded: 2012
Web: Clover.com

Field Notes: Almost 12 years after First Data, now Fiserv Inc., acquired point-of-sale system maker Clover, Fiserv continues to reap benefits of the popular POS system. Having established a solid base of merchant customers in the United States, Clover launched in Australia in March, bringing the total number of countries where it’s available to 11. Selling Clover has been a boon for processor Paysafe. “We’re doing really well selling Clover,” Bruce Lowthers, Paysafe chief executive said in March, estimating the technology has helped drive sales in the small-business channel by a “low teen” percentage year-over-year. Merchant services firm SurgePay also enlisted Clover for an integration with its ClearLine marketing platform. That service enable small and mid-size merchants to display marketing and customer-engagement messages at the point of sale. They can use it for targeted offers, social media interaction, and feedback through Clover POS terminals. In October, Clover a couple of new devices and more functions across restaurants, service businesses, and retailers. It also added employee management, payroll, customer loyalty programs, and gift card integrations as well as new financial services products like cash discounting, cash advances, and instant and same-day transfers. Clover also was one of the top three POS systems for small businesses in the first-ever 2025 Small-Business Point-of-Sale System Scorecard from advisory firm Javelin Strategy & Research.

Embedded Finance

Field Notes: Marrying financial services with unrelated applications for business, or embedded finance, is among the latest tools payments providers have wielded to encourage merchant stickiness while creating more revenue generation. It’s a trend that is solidly part of today’s merchant services product mix. Among the recent of these is Shopify Finance, a service from Shopify Inc., the e-commerce and point-of-sale platform. Shopify Finance is a unified tool for various financial services, such as its credit card, working capital funding, bill payments, and tax assistance. In related news, processor Fiserv Inc. announced in 2024 it would build financial services into a digital platform for drivers affiliated with DoorDash, the delivery service. Dubbed the DoorDash Crimson Program, it offers drivers access to a debit card and rewards program. Embedded finance is top of mind even for large payments companies affiliated with banks. “When I think about payments, it’s about how do I get it as fast as I can,” Ron Karpovich, J.P. Morgan Payments managing director, head of client solutioning for embedded finance and solutions, told Digital Transactions. “To me, embedded finance is how do I get them a stored value that is valuable to [merchants].”

JPMorgan Unified Commerce
Parent: J.P. Morgan Chase & Co.
Founded: 2014
Headquarters: New York, N.Y.
Web site: https:www.jpmorgan.com/payments

Field Notes: J.P. Morgan Payments offers a digital wallet, payment acceptance, a payment gateway, and yet other services. But perhaps its most ambitious product is a unified commerce platform that offers in-store, online, and mobile-checkout capabilities. For merchants, the platform offers a single access point to view consumer-transaction and marketing data. This differs from the more familiar omnichannel commerce experience, which connects multiple channels through multiple pieces of software. Instead, unified commerce enables merchants to sync their online store with in-person sales. That, according to JPMorgan, makes it easier for merchants to keep track of what’s happening across all sales channels in real time. Consumers are said to benefit from the technology by having the ability to engage across multiple channels while shopping, powered by a single platform and while getting a consistent shopping experience, regardless of channel. With unified commerce, according to JPMorgan, merchants can simplify payment-related business processes and offer consumers the option to use their preferred payment method. As a result, merchants can conduct business while allowing consumers to transact however they please, J.P. Morgan says.

Generative AI

Field Notes: A car needs gas (or electricity) to run, and likewise artificial intelligence software requires fuel—in other words, data. Much of that data must come from consumers, and they have decidedly mixed feelings about sharing it. They see some value in giving up personal data if they get a customized shopping experience, according to a survey by Bain & Co., but they expect the machine to work for them in return—to help make purchasing decisions, for example, and to assist with finding products they’re seeking. But many shoppers won’t use gen AI in any case, with some expressing distrust of the technology and others simply saying they don’t need it. What would help, experts say, is clear policies on data use and protection, along with transparency about how the technology works and how it uses data. So is gen AI friend or foe? As this technology wins increasing adoption in the payments industry, much will depend on how well the industry keeps it in its lane.

Google Wallet
Parent: Google
Founded: 2022
Headquarters: Mountain View, Calif.
Web site: wallet.google

Field Notes: Google Wallet succeeded Google Pay in 2024, and these days Google appears determined to make the app successful in a world full of digital wallets. That effort includes functions not strictly related to payments, such as updates on the status of that train you’re waiting for, storage of passes for kids (with parental consent), and, possibly, the ability to show an ID or even a  passport. Indeed, since it took over from Google Pay,  the wallet has been adding new features at a fast clip. One of the latest is automatic updates of stored loyalty cards. It’s all quite a turnaround for Wallet, which operated as a standalone app until 2018, when it was merged with Android Pay to form Google Pay. It re-emerged in 2022 as a wallet to store digital cards and passes, only to end up as the surviving wallet product for Google last year. Its U.S. user count swelled 5.1% in 2024 to 48.6 million, according to data firm Oberlo, but it still lags well behind such apps as Venmo and Zelle, which are chiefly person-to-person payment apps.

Open Banking
Field Notes: Open banking was thrust into the limelight in January when the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau declared that standards for the data-sharing practice would be developed under the aegis of the Financial Data Exchange Inc. Any final rule is expected to require financial institutions, credit card issuers, and other financial-services platforms to share data at a consumer’s direction with other companies that offer competing products. FDX, a standard-setting body, had already developed its own code for financial data sharing when it took on its new role for open banking. The CFPB had already released in October a finalized personal financial-data rights rule intended to govern the sharing of this information.

Payment Orchestration
Field Notes: In a nutshell, payment orchestration is the management of diverse payment methods, processors, and networks within a single platform in a way that delivers smooth payments processing for businesses worldwide. With the profusion of currencies, networks, and processors, that’s a tall order, but it’s also a lucrative trade for those who can make it work. Merchants benefit from a single point of contact for any payment, without the need for multiple integrations. Processors can profit from adding payment types while heeding regulations and keeping a lid on fraud. The challenge now for providers is that the market is getting crowded, leading experts to advise players in the market to differentiate themselves by focusing on smooth checkouts, risk management, and cloud-native platforms.

Pay by Bank
Field Notes: The latest example in pay-by-bank emerged in April with Pay with Spire Inc., which said its platform lets merchants accept pay-by-bank transactions without the need for integrations and at lower costs than credit or even debit cards. The service is already in use at 55,000 merchant locations, according to Spire, which says it is now working with Discover Network to enable automated clearing house transactions. Also known as account-to-account payments, pay-by-bank allows users to initiate transactions directly from their bank accounts, bypassing the usual networks while offering benefits. The service typically uses networks such as the automated clearing house network, the Federal Reseve’s FedNow system, or the RTP Network, a system owned by many of the nation’s biggest banks.

PayPal
Parent: PayPal Holdings Inc.
Founded: 1998
Headquarters: San Jose, Calif.
Web site: paypal.com

Field Notes: PayPal took on new energy last year under a new chief executive, Alex Chriss, who arrived with big ambitions and a determination to wake up what he regarded a sleepy giant. Chriss immediately focused on PayPal’s checkout technology and on transforming the company into what is more a commerce platform than simply a payments company. Indeed, early this year the company said it is building a commerce API that will let merchants identify customers, inform merchants what customers are looking for, enable discounts, and speed checkout through a loyalty card that materializes in the shoppers’ digital wallet. The new initiative includes a link to Verifone, a point-of-sale terminal maker, whose devices will undergird PayPal’s strategy to move further beyond e-commerce and into physical stores.

Real Time Payments
Field Notes: In the world of instant payments, all eyes have been on the Federal Reserve, which in the summer of 2023 launched FedNow, a payments network that now claims more than 1,000 participating financial institutions, up from just 35 at the launch. But the Fed has competition from fintechs and from The Clearing House Payments Co., which in 2017 started up its Real Time Payments Network. In February, RTP processed its biggest payment yet, a $10-million transaction. The payment came after the network raised its per-transaction cap tenfold the day before. TCH is owned by 20 of the largest banks in the country. Now that both systems are proven, the U.S. market is looking more than ever at the advantages and use cases of instant payments for both commercial and consumer scenarios.

Secure Remote Commerce
Parent: American Express, Discover, Mastercard, Visa
Headquarters: N.A.
Founded: 2019
Web: emvco.com

Field Notes: Secure remote commerce, better known as click-to-pay, is a standardized system that provides a secure and streamlined online checkout experience for consumers by enabling purchases with a single click, thereby eliminating the need to manually enter credit card information. The goal is to allow a consumer to use a preferred payment card online with the same confidence she feels when using the same card in a physical store. The payment method has become so popular, MasterCard announced in March it is working with banks, fintechs, merchants, and other partners to phase out manual card entry for e-commerce in all markets by 2030 in favor of a one-click experience compatible with any ecommerce platform. Mastercard plans to combine its click-to-pay app with tokenization and biometric authentication to phase out manual card entry and static passwords. To help make it easier for merchants to embed click-to-pay, Mastercard is enabling its bank partners to make click-to-pay a default card feature through cardholder auto-enablement. According to Visa, click-to-pay helps boosts authorization rates 4.3%. Global payments provider Adyen, which uses Visa’s click-to-pay solution, is seeing a 4% lift in authorizations, compared to traditional guest checkout.

Social Media Payments

Field Notes: The growing popularity of social media payments can be attributed to enabling consumers to make purchases or send money within the social media platform they are using, rather than switching to another app. Another popular feature is the ability for users to share purchase information and recommendations, which can lead to word-of-mouth marketing that can influence purchase decisions within the users’ social network community. Payment is initiated by linking a payment method, such as a card, bank or PayPal account, to the social media account. In January, X (formerly Twitter), announced it is partnering with Visa Inc. to offer real-time payments on the social media platform. The move brings X one step closer to executive chairman Elon Musk’s vision of creating an “everything app.” Payments will be facilitated by Visa Direct, Visa’s instant money transferring service. In February, payment processor Moov Financial Inc. announced it will process payments for the Truth Social platform and Truth+ video streaming service, both owned by Trump Media and Technology Group Corp. The deal is expected to help Trump Media monetize aspects of its platform and offer subscription services on Truth+, which are planned to launch later this year.

Stripe

Field Notes: Fintechs are constantly innovating and Stripe Inc. is no exception. Known primarily for its payment processing software, Stripe recently applied for a Master Acquiring Limited Payment Bank charter in the United States. If approved, the charter will give Stripe the ability to process transactions through the Visa and Mastercard without a sponsor bank. Stripe has direct member relationships with networks in other countries, such as the United Kingdom. Applying for the MALPB charter enables Stripe to offer a “broader range of options to support” its users and “complements” the work it does directly with banking partners across the U.S., Stripe tells Digital Transactions. Other ways Stripe keeps innovating include its partnership with Spade, a provider of real-time merchant intelligence for card issuers, to enable issuers on the Stripe platform with data to verify a merchant’s identity during the authorization process. Issuers can use the data to improve authorization rates, reduce chargebacks, prevent fraud, and gain insights into cardholder spending patterns. Stripe had payment volume of $1.4 trillion in 2024, up 38% from the prior year, and is used by half of the Fortune 100, including PepsiCo, NewsCorp, and Comcast.

Tap to Pay (iPhone and Android)

Field Notes: After being slow to gain traction in the United States after its introduction in the early 2000s, Tap to Pay is well on its way to becoming ubiquitous. A key driver of the technology’s adoption by merchants is its ability to streamline paying at the point of sale for consumers, while helping merchants modernize their POS technology, processors say. Delta Air Lines Inc, has adopted Tap to Pay on iPhone for its U.S. flights. The move, made in conjunction with processor Elavon Inc., has reduced friction for in-flight purchases. Delta flight attendants are now equipped with iPhones fitted with a payment-acceptance app, instead of dedicated point-of-sale devices. Earlier this year, processor NMI announced a tap-to-pay feature driven by Mastercard Inc.’s Cloud Commerce app for Android smart phones or tablets. The service will enable small merchants using those devices to accept electronic payments without adding new hardware. The technology has even found its way into the crypto currency market. Digital payments provider Flexa Inc. has introduced tap-to-pay for cryptocurrency transactions by enabling blockchain payments via NFC-enabled hardware wallets without a mobile phone or internet connection. The contactless-payment method enhances digital-asset usability, Flexa says.

Network Tokenization

Field Notes: Network tokenization has been exploding in recent years. In 2024, Visa inc. processed 12.6 billion network tokens, a 40% increase from the previous year, and up from 1 billion token in 2020. Mastercard Inc. which debuted tokenization in 2014, processes 1 billion network tokens a week. Separate from the tokens used by acquirers to help with PCI Security Standards Council compliance, network tokenization helps mitigate the risks of providing sensitive card details. The technology does so by providing additional controls that limit the risk typically associated with compromised, authorized, or fraudulent use of primary account numbers both in-store and online. As a result, network tokenization has enabled mobile wallets such as Apple Pay and Google Pay to thrive and made it easier for consumers and merchants to manage subscription payments and card-on-file payments. In e-commerce, tokens better secure transactions and help reduce the risk for merchants while boosting their conversion rates. To help make the technology more attractive to merchants, which view the technology as another way for the networks to levy transaction fees, Visa announced in 2022 a 10-basis-point reduction in interchange for card-not-present transactions using a network token.

Venmo

Parent: PayPal Holdings Inc.
Headquarters: San Francisco
Founded: 2009
Web: venmo.com

Field Notes: Given Venmo’s status as the granddaddy of peer-to-peer payment networks, it’s no surprise parent PayPal Inc. is positioning it as the as the go-to money movement app. At its investor day earlier this year, PayPal outlined plans to grow Venmo’s revenue to more than $2 billion by 2027. Key to achieving that goal will be attracting customers ages 18 to 29 with mid-to-high incomes that may be new to managing money and want to build financial independence, the company said. During the fourth quarter of 2024 Venmo handled $75.6 billion in transaction volume or 17% of PayPal’s total volume. PayPal chief executive chief Alex Chriss told investors in February that PayPal is committed to “growing active customers” for Venmo and will continue innovate around the P2P service. One such innovation, announced in January, is a partnership with JetBlue Airways Corp. to accept Venmo for online bookings. Venmo is available on JetBlue.com and is scheduled to roll out later this year on JetBlue’s mobile app. Venmo also got a boost from EBay Inc. last June when the online marketplace announced its was adding Venmo as a payment option after dropping American Express.

Visa+

Parent: Visa
Headquarters: San Francisco, CA
Founded: 2023

Field Notes: Launched in 2023 to help individuals move money between peer-to-peer payment apps, Visa+ immediately signed PayPal and Venmo. The two P2P platforms use Visa+ to enable their respective customers to move money between one another. Part of the appeal of Visa+ is that users don’t need a Visa card to move money. Instead, users set up a personalized payment address linked to their P2P account. To send money, users submit the recipient’s payname listed in their digital wallet. Registered recipient accounts are issued a receive-only Visa token. To broaden the use cases for Visa+, such as business-to-consumer, gig worker, creator, and marketplace payouts, several technology providers have integrated Visa+ into their platforms. The first wave of partners includes DailyPay, an earned wage access platform provider, i2c, a two-wire serial communication protocol that connects integrated circuits for exchanging data, TabaPay, a processor that enables instant payments for fintech, and Western Union, have integrated Visa+ into their platforms. Other payment technology providers to implement Visa+ include Astra, Brightwell, Cross River Bank, and Fiserv, Inc. In April, earned wage access provider Payactiv Inc. launched Visa+ to enable real-time earned wage payments to Venmo and PayPal.

Zelle

Parent: Early Warning Services
Headquarters: Scottsdale, Ariz.
Founded: 2011 (as ClearXchange)
Web: zellepay.com

Field Notes: It’s been an eventful six months for Zelle. Weeks after announcing record dollar volume of $1 trillion in 2024, up 27% from a year earlier, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau dropped its lawsuit alleging Zelle failed to protect users from fraud. Bank of America, JPMorgan Chase, and Wells Fargo, three of the seven bank owners of parent Early Warning, were also named as defendants. A short time later, Zelle had to clear up misperceptions around its decision to no longer allow users of its standalone app to enroll in Zelle or transact, effective April 1. Zelle announced the move in October 2024 and followed up with in-app messages to users. Some media outlets misconstrued Zelle’s messaging to mean Zelle users could no longer transact over the network, when in actuality they could do so through the Zelle app on their financial institution’s website or mobile app. Zelle responded by emphatically stating its service was “not going anywhere.” About 2% of total transactions were conducted through the standalone app. Zelle also used the opportunity to state more than 99.9% of payments have had no reports of fraud or scams since its launch.